苏

苏敬

唐代药学家、《新修本草》主编

Tang-dynasty pharmacologist; chief editor of the Xinxiu Bencao

源流·典籍

“（杜仲）味辛、甘，平、温，无毒。主腰脊痛，补中，益精气，坚筋骨，强志……生上虞山谷又上党及汉中。二月、五月、六月、九月采皮，阴干。——《新修本草》（《证类本草》等引）”

人物简介

主持编修世界首部国家药典《新修本草》，收载规范杜仲条。

事迹

苏敬（599—674），唐代著名药学家。显庆二年他奏请修定本草，朝廷集22人编修，659年颁行《新修本草》54卷，收药850种，被公认为世界上第一部由国家颁布的药典，比欧洲《纽伦堡药典》早800余年。

《新修本草》杜仲条载：'味辛、甘，平、温，无毒。主腰脊痛，补中，益精气，坚筋骨，强志，除阴下痒湿，小便余沥……生上虞山谷又上党及汉中。二月、五月、六月、九月采皮，阴干。'原书虽佚，杜仲条文完整保存于《千金翼方》《证类本草》的引文中，成为唐以后杜仲药用的官方标准记述。

重要活动 / 事件

显庆二年（657年）上书朝廷建议重修本草，获唐高宗批准
与长孙无忌、李勣等22人历时两年编成《新修本草》54卷
书中附《药图》《图经》，开创图文对照的药典体例

代表贡献

唐显庆四年（659年）领衔颁行《新修本草》（《唐本草》），为世界最早国家药典
该书杜仲条承《本经》《别录》并统一药性记述：'味辛、甘，平、温，无毒'
主持全国药物普查，'普颁天下，营求药物'，奠定官修本草传统
其书杜仲记载经《证类本草》层层转引，成为后世杜仲药性的法定蓝本

“(Duzhong) Pungent and sweet in flavor, neutral to warm, non-toxic. Treats pain of the lower back and spine, supplements the center, boosts essence and qi, strengthens sinews and bones, fortifies the will... Grows in the mountain valleys of Shangyu, also in Shangdang and Hanzhong. Collect the bark in the second, fifth, sixth, and ninth months; dry in the shade. — Xinxiu Bencao (as quoted in Zhenglei Bencao and others)”

Profile

Directed the compilation of the Xinxiu Bencao, the world's first state pharmacopoeia, which contains a standardized Eucommia entry.

Story

Su Jing (599–674) was a celebrated Tang-dynasty pharmacologist. In Xianqing 2 he petitioned for a revision of the materia medica; the court assembled 22 compilers, and in 659 promulgated the 54-juan Xinxiu Bencao containing 850 drugs—recognized as the world's first state-issued pharmacopoeia, more than 800 years before Europe's Nuremberg Pharmacopoeia.

The Xinxiu Bencao's Eucommia entry reads: 'Pungent and sweet in flavor, neutral to warm, non-toxic. Treats pain of the lower back and spine, supplements the center, boosts essence and qi, strengthens sinews and bones, fortifies the will, relieves damp itching of the genitals and dribbling urination... Grows in the mountain valleys of Shangyu, also in Shangdang and Hanzhong. Collect the bark in the second, fifth, sixth, and ninth months; dry in the shade.' Though the original is lost, the Eucommia text survives intact in quotations in the Qianjin Yifang and Zhenglei Bencao, becoming the official standard account of Eucommia's medicinal use after the Tang.

Milestones

In 657 (Xianqing 2) memorialized the throne proposing a revision of the materia medica, approved by Emperor Gaozong of Tang
With Zhangsun Wuji, Li Ji, and 20 others—22 in all—completed the 54-juan Xinxiu Bencao over two years
The work included an illustrated Yaotu (Drug Illustrations) and Tujing (Illustrated Classic), pioneering the text-plus-illustration pharmacopoeia format

Key Contributions

In 659 (Xianqing 4 of the Tang) led the promulgation of the Xinxiu Bencao (Tang Materia Medica), the world's earliest state-issued pharmacopoeia
Its Eucommia entry followed Shennong's Classic and the Mingyi Bielu, standardizing the drug-property statement: 'pungent and sweet in flavor, neutral to warm in nature, non-toxic'
Directed a nationwide drug survey—'issued throughout the realm, seeking medicines everywhere'—establishing the tradition of officially compiled materia medica
Its Eucommia record, transmitted through layered quotation in the Zhenglei Bencao, became the canonical template for Eucommia's properties in later ages

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